The Jews asked Jesus to tell them plainly that He’s the Christ [Joh 10:24-25]. Many Christians are this way today. They want you to show them explicit verses where certain doctrines are plainly stated.
Jesus responded telling them that He had told them. He didn’t explicitly say them, but through His miracles and statements. The Jews just refused to draw conclusions from what was obvious to them.
What do the Jews mean when they say “because that thou, being a man, makest thyself God” [Joh 10:33]?
In Jesus’ response to them saying He makes Himself God, He rephrased their objection to mean “the Son of God”. Jesus’ reword would thus render their question; “because that thou, being a man, makest thyself the Son of God”.
This was clearly what they meant when they said, “you make yourself God”. They didn’t think He was claiming to be God the Father.
A son of God—as Jesus was claiming—is God.
Jesus clearly distinguished Himself from the Father
The problem they had with Jesus’ claim of being God’s Son is that He was a man.
The Jews didn’t say no one can be equal to God, showing that it is possible for someone other than the Father to claim to be God, but that person can’t be a man.
We can deduce that they believed that there was someone—at the very least—an angel who was equal to God.
This reasoning isn’t Jewish superstition, or wrong theology, rather, it is followed by the apostles—a man cannot be God—and is also taught by God Himself.
John doesn’t condemn or correct the Jews, and neither did Jesus.
Peter, Paul and Barnabas believed the same [Acts 10:25-26; 14:15]
God also confirms [Isa 31:3]
The Jews weren’t rejecting Jesus’ claim to Godhood because of His appearance.
Jews knew angels can appear as men [Gen 18; 19; Jgd 13:3, 6, 8-10].
They knew with certainty that Jesus was a man because according to them, they knew His father and mother [Joh 6:42].
Jesus wasn’t afraid of death, because He has the light of life in Him [Joh 11:9-10].
Martha was saying to Jesus, that even though he didn’t heal Lazarus, she still believed in Him [Joh 11:21-22].
She wasn’t saying she knew God would bring Lazarus back to life if Jesus asked, because she didn’t believe Jesus could raise Lazarus, and said He would rise at the last day [Joh 11:23-24].